Vienna Convention and Montreal Protocol

The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (1985) is framework document giving the directions of the international action in this segment of the environment protection and human health. Considering the fact that the Convention provisions do not define restrictions and recommendations, two years later in Montreal the clearly defined Protocol with measures for ODS import, export and consumption control is adopted.

On September 16, 1987, under the auspices the UNEP, the international community has accepted a document which will play dominant role in the new trends of environment protection and human health. The Montreal Protocol on the Substances That Deplete Ozone Layer has made basis of the global action on ODS reduction, phase-out and complete elimination.

The Protocol gives directions and measures for ODS import, export and consumption control. It contains all 96 substances having adverse effect on stratospheric ozone, divided in four annexes.

Scientific acknowledgements showed that original version of the Montreal Protocol can not provide adequate ozone layer protection. Therefore, in 1990 in London, through adoption of the amendment to the Protocol, financial mechanism is established. The Multilateral Fund provides financial support for the developing countries or countries with economy in transition through donations for preparation and implementation of the projects for ozone layer protection.

In the period from 1992 to 1999 three amendments to the Montreal Protocol are adopted (Copenhagen, 1992, Montreal, 1997 and Beijing, 1999). The main reason for acceptation of these acts is reviewing of the real situation with ozone layer depletion and the need of accelerated and aggressive action for the ODS elimination.

The Montreal Protocol family is extending with new member-countries every year. The ozone layer protection and Montreal Protocol provisions are priority in the global environmental policy. More than one decade this document is basis for realization of the international action for protection of the Planet Earth from one of the most dangerous threats for the atmosphere, the depleted ozone layer.

Country ratification, as of October, 2003

Vienna Convention	185
Montreal Protocol	184
London Amendment	166
Copenhagen Amendment	154
Montreal Amendment	107
Beijing Amendment	57

Agreement	Year of adoption	Ratified by the Republic of Macedonia
Vienna Convention on Protection of the Ozone Layer	1985	Succession from the former SFRJ
Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete Ozone Layer	1987	Succession from the former SFRJ
London Amendment	1990	June, 4, 1998
Copenhagen Amendment	1992	June, 4, 1998
Montreal Amendment	1997	August, 9, 1999
Beijing Amendment	1999	January, 23, 2002

• Controlled substancies • Possible usage of ODSs • Control measures • Legislation • International agreements •

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