Ozone Unit Macedonia - Controlled substancies

Controlled substancies by the Montreal Protocol that find application in the Republic of Macedonia

Annex	Group	Substance	Ozone depleting potential
А	I	Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)	1.0
	I	Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)	1.0
		Choloropentafluoroethane CFC-115	0.6
	II	Bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301)	10.0
C	I	Chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22)	0.055
C	I	2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b)	0.11
E		Methylbromide (MeBr)	0.7

CFCs (fully halogenated hydrocarbon containing chorine and fluorine atoms in their molecule): these chemicals were for the first time synthesized in twenties of the last century. They found application because of their chemical stability and other useful characteristics: they are non-toxic, inflammable, they do not affect living organisms and are not carcinogen. Because of their long atmospheric life time and the characteristic to cause ozone layer depletion, their usage is restricted by international agreements (Vienna Convention on Ozone Layer Protection and Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete Ozone Layer). They are classified in the Annex A, Group I and Annex B, Group I of the Montreal Protocol.

Halons (fully halogenated hydrocarbons containing bromine, chlorine and fluorine atoms in their molecule): besides chlorine, these hydrocarbons contain bromine atoms in their molecule, which is actually reason for high ozone depletion potential value (for instance: the halon 1301 has highest ODP value which makes it the most dangerous ozone depleting substance). Halons find application as fire extinguishers and explosion suppressants. They are classified in the Annex A, Group II of the Montreal Protocol.

HCFCs (unsaturated hydrocarbons containing chlorine and fluorine atoms in their molecule): in the case of HCFCs all hydrogen atoms are not substitute with halogen (fluorine or chlorine). Their destruction is happening in the troposphere. So, they are less persistent and less destructive to the ozone layer. In this phase of Montreal Protocol implementation they have a role of transitional CFC alternatives. They are classified in the Annex C, Group I of the Montreal Protocol.

Methyl Bromide (CH3Br - unsaturated hydrocarbon containing bromine atoms in its molecule): it is biocide with broad spectrum of application for disease control in agriculture production (through soil fumigation), insecticide, nematocide. High concentration of methyl bromide directly affects the human nervous and respiratory system.